What Does Eos Mean in Terms of Reading
What are Reading Skills in Communication?
Reading is a affair of making sense of written language rather than decoding print to sound. It is the process by which we make sense of a text.
It is a dialogue between the reader and the text. Reading is a completely individual activeness and people read at very different levels and speed.
In learning, it is reading that leads to perfection because books are the storehouse of cognition.
Francis Bacon says, "Reading maketh a full human being."
According to Addison "Reading is to the listen, what exercise is to the trunk."
Goodman defines reading as "a psycho-linguistic guessing game."
Eddie Williams says, "Reading is a process of obtaining meaning from written text."
According to Frank Smith, "Reading is the reduction of dubiousness."
The stop product of reading is comprehension.
Reading Comprehension
By comprehension, it is meant, the caste to which the reading able to extract relevant information from a text.
During the procedure of reading, an encoder and a decoder get involved in the sending and reception of the bulletin respectively.
The encoder is the writer who acts as the sender of the message, and the decoder is the reader who acts as a recipient. Reading requires the reconstruction of the message.
It demands thinking and planning on the part of the reader. The reader has to distinguish the cadre of the text from the supporting ideas and at the same fourth dimension, he has to recognize the hidden meanings.
The full act of reading is a "decision-making" procedure every bit the reader attempts to discover significant according to his ain sense.
During the process of reading, the reader:
- Receives the image of words/symbols through optics equally visual information (if he is blind, he detects it through touch);
- The segments of information are held, for a brusk time, in the short-term memory;
- The information is transferred to long-term retention where the fresh information is linked with already stored knowledge. If there is whatsoever information gap in the input data the reader tin span it with already stored knowledge, making a sense of the message conveyed to him through written symbols.
Principles of Reading
While reading a reader has to proceed in mind the following points:
- First of all, preview the championship, contents and preface to get the general idea about the text.
- Read the passage at the normal speed.
- Try to guess the meaning of the unfamiliar words through the context.
- Skip over unnecessary information.
- Scan the text to get specific data every bit quickly as possible.
- Skim the text to become the gist of the material.
- Distinguish betwixt the author'southward stance and statement of facts.
- Infer the mood of the writer.
- Read silently
- Locate the topic sentence for a paragraph.
What are the iv types of reading skills?
Following are the kinds of reading.
i – Intensive Reading
Intensive reading is the close reading of a short text. It is a kind of reading that aims at accuracy of comprehension. It involves the reader in great attention to item. Here, the reader has to learn the meaning of each and every word. It is considered a useful tool of learning a foreign language."
two – Extensive Reading
This kind of reading accent less on accuracy and more on gaining fluency. It is done out of the classroom and meant for reader's own pleasure. Mean solar day and Bamford suggest that the motto of all-encompassing reading "reading gain without hurting."
iii – Skimming
Skimming means to go through the text rapidly to grasp the overall meaning or gist of information technology. It is to extract the main theme or the cadre of the text by a quick reading process. The reader does not pronounce each and every word of the text, rather he focuses his attention on the subject matter, an overall view of the text, and prepares himself to answer such questions:
- Summarize the given text.
- Give main points of the text.
- Rewrite the discipline matter in your own words.
- Give a suitable title to the given passage.
- Extract the central idea of the text.
Such questions indicate that skimming is like global listening.
How Skimming takes identify
- Exist attentive to the clues and indicators like titles, headings, subheadings and typographical indicators (words in italics or assuming messages) of important ideas.
- In an essay, read the first and the last paragraph to grasp the subject field matter with clarity of concept.
- Read the outset sentence of each paragraph, every bit a thesis statement or a topic sentence that ways the judgement containing the stand-point or main idea.
- Look at picture and diagrams with captions or words written below them.
- Note numbers, engagement and words that seem of import.
four – Scanning
The sub-skill of reading past which the reader collects a particular data from the given text is known as scanning. The technique of scanning involves the power to reject or ignore irrelevant information. In club to locate a specific piece of information, the reader has to get through the text rapidly and focus his attending on the relevant function of the text. For example:
- Expect up a word in the lexicon for meanings.
- Search out a telephone number in the directory.
- Find out result of a candidate from the Gazette.
- Locate weather conditions or functions in town in the paper.
- Extract the listing of works from the biographical sketch of a writer.
Procedure for Scanning
- The required information has to kept in the listen of the reader.
- Decide which clues volition exist helpful in finding out the specific data.
- A brisk heart movement on the pages of the text.
- Read the part of the text which contains the clues leading to the required information.
The clues which help the reader to find out a particular piece of data may be a full sentence some words, a single word, a punctuation mark, alphabetical club, or numbers etc.
The development of scanning skill needs training of optics to move speedily, looking for the clues related to the required data. Scanning is useful to answer the questions such equally:
- Fill in the blanks.
- Mark True or Simulated.
- Multiple Selection Items
- Short answer/question
Reading Speed
By adopting following important points about reading we can develop a foundational piece of work to raise reading speed;
Reading is:
- An active besides every bit a receptive skill.
- Decoding a message.
- Extracting information from a text.
- Getting specific questions answered.
- Making sense of the text an interactive process.
- Predicting and interpreting.
- Referring to and inferring information from a text
- A constant process of guessing
- Constant making and remaking of hypothesis
The following principles of learning to read may also exist considered as pre-requisite for developing appropriate speed in reading:
- The reader must develop the basic sense of what print looks like and how information technology works.
- The learner needs to develop the bones sense of what impress looks like and how it works.
- He has to develop the ability to recall about words as a sequence of phonemes or building blocks of spoken linguistic communication. He should sympathise that sentences are made up of strings of separate words.
- Awareness of spelling patterns that recur beyond words hastens progress in reading.
- Although the ability to sound out words is important for learning to read, information technology is not enough. Written language is not just speech written down. Instead text brings new vocabulary new language patterns new thoughts etc. The reader must also learn to take the time to reflect on these aspects of the text.
Strategies to Enhance Reading Speed
Reading in Chunks
In this technique our optics take the view of grouping of messages and words. The reader should develop the ability to read in chunks to take in four or five words in a unmarried eye glance.
Inferring the Meanings
There is no need to finish at hard words just to await up their meaning in a dictionary. The difficulty can exist faced by guessing the meanings of the words, keeping in view the context of their use. If the reader develops the skill to utilise clues, construction and context to guess the meaning, the interest can be maintained alongwith improvement of reading speed.
Pre-viewing
The reader should make himself conscious of the layout, headings, sub-headings, paragraph indentations and various type-faces or addicted of composing the text. Paying attention to the printed format can speed upward reading comprehension.
Anticipation
If the reader prepares himself to approximate what is likely to occur next in the text, he tin better the speed of reading. This is some sort of anticipation while reading the text. He tin employ sure clues like the title and sub-titles etc, that may give him an thought about the chapter or contents of the volume.
Silent Reading
Loud reading reduces the speed of reading every bit each give-and-take has to exist pronounced according to stress and intonation patterns. Silent reading recommended to save time past establishing a straight link between visual touch and comprehension. It will certainly heighten the speed of reading.
SQ3R
SQ3R is a systematic process of reading by which reading speed as well as comprehension (understanding) tin can be enhanced.
- S stands for survey
- Q stands for question
- First R stands for read
- Second R stands for recall
- 3rd R stands for review
Faulty Reading Habits
Most of the students do not enjoy reading books, rather they have them for exam purpose equally a burden. Moreover, when they get-go reading they face up many problems due to their faulty reading habits. If they set-aside their faulty reading habits they will feel comfortable with the textual material and enjoy reading.
Hither, we try to place some faulty reading habits which are creating problems for the students.
- Finger Motion
- Head Movement
- Vocalism
- Lips Motility
- Reading without understanding
- Reading without awareness of objectives
- Discussion by word Reading
- Reading without guessing pregnant
Strategies to Enhance Reading Skills
Good readers have a broad range of effective approaches to texts and they can choose a strategy suitable to a given text. One of the goals of foreign language reading instruction is to provide students with as many strategies equally possible.
- Use previous knowledge to predict what is presented in the following text.
- Skip some difficult parts of the text but become the outline of the text.
- Guess unknown words and phrases by using the clues or context.
- Realize what are important parts in a text and leave out automatically the unimportant ones.
- Practice non dependent on text information through bottom-up processing but apply actively peak-downwardly processing. The imagination of the reader is very important during reading, and his vicarious reading is an constructive strategy.
- Change reading strategies according to the nature of text. There are dissimilar kinds of text and strategies of reading should differ according to the kinds of text.
- Take the reading of text actively. Activating schemata is especially useful for foreign language learners. According to Schema theory, readers learn information from text not passively simply actively. Inference, generalization and personal-interest brand good readers.
- SQ3R formula (described earlier) is also a skillful strategy to raise reading skills.
Activity to develop reading-based on authentic material
Check your reading speed by using the post-obit formula:
lx x total No. of words = Words per minute
The fourth dimension in seconds
Calibration of Speed in Words per infinitesimal:
170-200 Ho-hum
200-250 Average
250-300 Above average
300-400 Fast
400-above Very fast
Further Reading
- Tips to ameliorate reading skills
- Reading tips / Reading Skills
- viii Important Steps of Writing Procedure
- How to Write an Essay
- Speaking Skills in Communication
- Listening Skills (Definition, Types & Problems)
- Interview Skills (Training, Techniques, Questions & Answers)
Source: https://englishgrammarsoft.com/types-of-reading-skills-and-strategies/
0 Response to "What Does Eos Mean in Terms of Reading"
Post a Comment